You have a finished draft, and need to know two things: which edit it needs next, and what file to upload once it's done. GradeDraft's book editing services cover both: developmental, line, copy and proofreading passes, plus print and EPUB formatting to Amazon KDP and IngramSpark specs. This page is for authors, not students: essays, theses and course papers go through the student-facing academic editing menu and our proofreading services instead.
Four edits, in order - and how to tell which one your manuscript needs now
A manuscript needs edits in a specific order, or you waste money and the editor's read. Self publishing editing services that jump to a copy edit on a broken draft still don't work: assessment before developmental, developmental before line and copy. It's sometimes sold as one package; here, it's four separable passes, priced separately.
Editorial assessment
A 1,500–2,500 word letter diagnosing the manuscript without touching a sentence: what the story is doing, where it loses momentum, which edit comes next.
Developmental edit
Structural work on plot, argument, pacing and chapter logic, in the margins and in a full editorial letter. See the excerpt below.
Line and copy edit
Sentence-level work: rhythm, word choice, consistency, grammar, spelling and punctuation, without changing structure.
Proofread
The last pass before upload, on typeset pages, not a Word draft. Book proofreading services here catch typos, widow lines and hyphenation slips that only exist once laid out.
The draft-state test
If you can't summarize your plot or argument in three sentences, you need a developmental edit, not a copy edit. Once you can, and beta readers stop flagging confusion, you're ready for line and copy. Turning a dissertation into a book? Start with the dissertation edit while it is still an academic draft.
§ 02
What a developmental edit on a novel actually returns
Fiction editing services are usually described in the abstract ("we'll strengthen your plot") without showing what a developmental edit delivers. Professional novel editing services give you two things: in-manuscript notes and a written editorial letter.
The editorial letter: how long and what is in it
Expect 5–10 pages: what's working and why, three to five structural problems ranked by size, chapter notes, and a recommended order of work.
In-manuscript margin notes
Comments flag scene-level issues as they occur: a dropped subplot, a POV slip, a repeated beat.
Plot, pacing, POV and dialogue notes
Graded by where they sit: a slow-inciting-incident note in chapter 2 outweighs the same note on chapter 20. For a journal article or research manuscript rather than a full book, see manuscript editing for journal submission instead.
An excerpt from a real editorial letter
Composite sample written by GradeDraft
Developmental letter excerpt, contemporary novel, 82,000 words
What's working: Your protagonist's voice is the strongest asset here — dry, specific, consistent. Keep it exactly as is through the changes below.
Structural problem 1 — the midpoint doesn't turn anything. Chapter 14 reads as incident, not reversal: her goal and plan don't change.
Structural problem 2 — the antagonist is offstage for 60% of the book. Only two scenes total. One more before the midpoint would make the ending threat feel earned.
Structural problem 3 — the subplot with the sister resolves off-page. Set up over four chapters, paid off in one line in chapter 26 — cut the setup in half, or write the payoff.
Recommended order of work: fix the midpoint turn first, then the antagonist's presence, then the subplot.
§ 03
Line editing a novel: 500 words, before and after
This is what professional book editing services should show you for a fiction manuscript: real before-and-after work instead of a marketing claim.
The original passage
Composite sample written by GradeDraft.
She was walking down the street, thinking about the argument they'd had last night, and it was still bothering her a lot, like it wouldn't leave her alone.
He'd said some things that were pretty harsh and she hadn't had a good response at the time, so now she was replaying it, wishing she'd said something different.
The line-edited passage
She walked fast, replaying last night's argument in a loop she couldn't switch off. He'd said the harsh part about her mother, and she still hadn't found the comeback she wanted at 2 a.m., let alone at the time.
Change log: what was changed, and what voice was left alone
Cut throat-clearing ("she was thinking about") and let the action carry the emotion.
Replaced vague phrasing with a concrete detail: the comment about her mother.
Left the clipped, unsentimental voice alone; kept the short paragraph rhythm, matching this book's pacing elsewhere.
§ 04
Non-fiction and memoir: structure, sourcing and permissions
Book editing for non-fiction differs from novel editing services: the unit is the chapter's promise, not the scene.
Chapter architecture and the promise-per-chapter test
Every non-fiction chapter should open with the claim it proves, not the anecdote leading into it. If a reader can't state the chapter's job after page one, restructure the opening.
Non-fiction chapter opening, 120 words
Before
When I was twenty-six, I took a job I wasn't sure I wanted, for a manager I'd spoken to for eleven minutes. That decision taught me more about negotiation than any class I later took.
After
Most people negotiate salary once and regret it for years. This chapter argues you should renegotiate every 18 months, using the same three questions that doubled my offer at twenty-six.
What changed
The claim moved to sentence one; the anecdote became evidence for the claim instead of the on-ramp to it.
Fact and citation checking
Editing services for writers of non-fiction verify names, dates and figures against your source, flagging anything unsourced. The same fact-checking discipline applies across every editing service GradeDraft runs.
Quoted material, permissions and fair use
Quoted lyrics or a substantial copyrighted passage require written permission before publication. Many book editing companies never mention this step, and it can hold up a KDP release if caught late.
§ 05
Book formatting: what we build and what you receive
Book formatting services turn a manuscript into the files a printer or retailer accept. Print-plus-EPUB or just an ebook formatting service: our ebook editing services and formatting run through one manuscript, so nothing gets reformatted twice.
Print interior: trim size, margins, gutter, bleed, running heads, drop caps
We set trim size (5.5×8.5 in and 6×9 in are most common for fiction), margins and gutter sized to page count so text doesn't vanish into the binding, plus bleed, running heads and drop caps.
EPUB and KPF files
Reflowable EPUB for wide distribution, plus a KPF file for Kindle. MOBI on request, though Amazon's pipeline now converts EPUB and KPF directly.
Front and back matter
Title page, copyright page, dedication, table of contents, and an author's note, matched to the interior style.
Pre-upload checks for KDP and IngramSpark
We run the file against both platforms' spec sheets (margins, font embedding, image resolution, file size) so your upload doesn't bounce back. Formatting is a book-specific step; a journal manuscript follows journal conventions instead.
Same chapter opening: manuscript page vs. typeset print interior
Before
A plain Word page: 12 pt Times New Roman, single column, no drop cap, default header and page number.
After
6×9 in trim, 0.75 in inside margin plus a 0.125 in gutter for a 280-page book, three-line drop cap, and a running head with the book title on verso, chapter title on recto.
What changed
Every setting is sized to the book's page count and trim. A 400-page book needs a wider gutter than a 150-page one, or text vanishes into the spine.
GradeDraft is independent of and not affiliated with Amazon KDP, IngramSpark, Atticus, Vellum, Scrivener, or Reedsy Studio.
§ 06
Formatting software compared: Atticus, Vellum, Scrivener, Reedsy Studio and Word
Book formatting software ranges from free to a few hundred dollars; the right choice depends on how many books you'll format.
The comparison table
Book formatting programs compared
Tool
Cost
Platform
Output formats
Learning curve
Best for
Atticus
$147 one-time
Web, Mac, Win, Linux
EPUB, MOBI, PDF, DOCX
Low–medium
A second book coming
Vellum
$199–$249 one-time
Mac only
EPUB, MOBI, PDF
Low
Mac fiction authors
Scrivener
$59–$70 one-time
Mac, Win, iOS
Basic PDF/DOCX
Medium–high
Drafting, not final formatting
Reedsy Studio
Free
Browser
EPUB, PDF
Low
Budget-conscious first-timers
Microsoft Word
Owned, or a Microsoft 365 subscription
Mac, Win
DOCX, PDF
Medium
Word-fluent authors
Scroll the table sideways to see every column.
Reedsy Studio is free ebook formatting software with EPUB and PDF export but few layout choices. Of the paid tools, Vellum is free to try and charges when you export a final file; Atticus charges up front.
Atticus book formatting software: the one-time fee explained
Atticus book formatting software charges once, not per book, which makes it the better buy once a second title is planned.
Atticus in practice: what it does well and where it costs you time
Atticus handles EPUB and print layout from one file, updating both together, which Word can't. It costs time on front-matter templates and non-fiction layouts with footnotes.
When doing it yourself beats paying for it
A single, image-free novel in Word or Atticus over a weekend: DIY beats paying. It stops working once photos, footnotes, or a second title are coming, where a reusable template earns back the cost. For anything you'd rather have priced and delivered than DIY, see the full price list.
Send your word count and edit level for a fixed price within 2 hours, 8 am–11 pm ET.
What it costs to edit and format an 80,000-word book
Book editing prices at a glance
Book editing prices scale by word count and edit level, not a flat "per book" fee.
Per-word rates by edit level
Novel editing rates run $0.018 per word for a proofread up to $0.045 for a line or substantive edit; manuscript editing runs $0.025–$0.045 depending on the work needed.
Book editing services prices by edit level and manuscript length
Edit level
Rate per word
50,000 words
80,000 words
120,000 words
Proofread
$0.018
$900
$1,440
$2,160
Copy edit
$0.028
$1,400
$2,240
$3,360
Line/substantive edit
$0.045
$2,250
$3,600
$5,400
Manuscript editing (developmental)
$0.025–$0.045
$1,250–$2,250
$2,000–$3,600
$3,000–$5,400
Scroll the table sideways to see every column.
Worked budgets at 50,000, 80,000 and 120,000 words
An 80,000-word novel through all three passes runs $2,000 + $3,600 + $1,440 = $7,040. Most order one or two, closer to $2,240–$3,600.
Formatting flat fees
Formatting starts at $199 for an EPUB-only ebook; a full print-plus-EPUB package is priced from that base once page count, images and trim size are known.
What 'affordable book editing' actually buys
Affordable book editing services at the low end buy one pass at your manuscript's current stage, usually a proofread or copy edit, rather than a full developmental-to-proofread path. A shorter manuscript bound for a journal, not a bookshelf, prices differently.
§ 08
Marketplace, freelancer or managed service?
What a marketplace gives you and what it costs in time
Reedsy lists a large roster of editors with reviews and sample rates: real breadth, at the cost of reading profiles and comparing quotes yourself.
Freelancer: continuity vs capacity
A freelance editor you find directly gives continuity across your series, but finite capacity. A good one is often booked out months ahead.
Managed: who carries the deadline risk
With a managed service, the company carries the risk of an editor falling through and reassigns the work rather than leaving you to re-source it. Our guarantees cover the revision window, and how it works shows each step from file to invoice.
Recorded facts about each ranked option
What each option actually publishes (checked 2026-09-04)
Option
Editors set own fees?
Rates published on-site?
Free sample edit?
Reedsy (marketplace)
Yes
No — quote per editor
After you request quotes
Taylor & Francis Editing
No, fixed
No — quote-only
Yes, up to 1,500 words
Editor World
Browse and pick
Via calculator only
Varies by editor
GradeDraft
No, fixed
Yes — this page
Yes, a sample passage before you pay
Scroll the table sideways to see every column.
Professional book editors on a marketplace and on a managed roster do the same craft; the difference is who's accountable if a deadline slips. Shorter projects such as journal articles and proposals follow the manuscript route instead.
§ 09
Send a chapter for a sample edit before you pay
Every inquiry comes down to one question: can you edit my book the way I write it? Send a chapter and the edit level you think you need; if unsure, say so. We edit a sample passage from it before you pay anything. See who reviews your paper, full samples and who runs the editing desk first if you like.
Brief received
Reference GD-000000
A priced quote comes back to your email. Replies within 2 hours, 8 am–11 pm ET, 7 days a week.
Replies within 2 hours, 8 am–11 pm ET, 7 days a week
Briefp. 1
A sample paragraph before you pay, on every order
— 1 —
Included
Turnitin originality report included
USD
Manuscript editing$0.025–$0.045
Book formattingfrom $199
Revisionsp. 2
Free revisions for 14 days (30 days for dissertation chapters and capstones)
FAQ
What authors ask before handing over a manuscript
Replies within 2 hours, 8 am–11 pm ET, 7 days a week
“8 questions
01
How much does it cost to proofread a book?
At GradeDraft's rate of $0.018 per word, an 80,000-word book costs $1,440 to proofread. It is the cheapest of the four edit levels, since a proofread fixes surface errors on typeset pages rather than structure or sentence-level rewriting, and it's usually the fastest of the four to turn around.
02
How long does it take to proofread a book?
A proofread on an 80,000-word manuscript typically takes 5–10 business days, depending on how many other orders are in the queue and whether the pages are already typeset or still in a Word draft, since typeset pages take longer to mark up.
03
Who proofreads a book before publication?
Traditionally published books use an in-house or contracted proofreader the publisher assigns; self-published authors hire their own, directly or through a service, and should schedule it after formatting, on typeset pages, not before, since page numbers and line breaks shift during layout.
04
Do literary agents edit manuscripts?
Some agents give editorial notes before submitting to publishers, but that feedback is aimed at making the book sellable, not a full developmental or copy edit. Most agents expect the manuscript to already be in strong shape.
05
What does book editing entail?
It entails one or more of four distinct passes (editorial assessment, developmental edit, line and copy edit, and proofread), each addressing a different layer of the manuscript, from overall structure down to individual commas, run in that order.
06
What is the difference between a copy edit and a line edit?
A copy edit fixes grammar, spelling, punctuation and consistency; a line edit also reworks sentence rhythm, word choice and clarity at the sentence level. Many editors, including GradeDraft, combine both into a single line/copy pass at one rate.
07
How do you know if a book has been edited?
Ask for the deliverables: tracked changes on the manuscript, a style sheet listing the decisions made (spellings, hyphenation, character names), and, for a developmental edit, an editorial letter. A book with no style sheet and no letter likely only had a light proofread.
08
Can I edit my own book instead of hiring an editor?
You can proofread your own book with a read-aloud pass and a style sheet you keep yourself, but self-editing rarely catches structural problems, because you already know what you meant to write. A developmental edit needs a reader without that context. A research manuscript runs the equivalent process at the article scale.